Collective bargaining is a process in human resources where representatives of employees, often labor unions, negotiate with representatives of the employer to reach agreements on various employment-related issues. These negotiations typically cover matters such as wages, working conditions, benefits, and other terms and conditions of employment.

Example
In a manufacturing company, the labor union and company management engage in collective bargaining to determine annual salary increases, establish workplace safety protocols, and outline procedures for handling employee grievances. During negotiations, both parties discuss and, hopefully, reach mutually acceptable terms, ensuring fair and productive labor relations.